RTA Accuses American, United of Dodging Millions in Taxes

January 14, 2013

Two of the world’s largest airlines are running sham business operations that have deprived Chicago and Cook County taxpayers, as well as public transportation agencies, of nearly $300 million over the last seven years, according to a lawsuit filed Monday.

The Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) is alleging that United Airlines and American Airlines operate sham offices in Sycamore, Il. that they use to avoid paying higher taxes from their actual offices in Chicago. These small, part-time offices are rarely occupied and, in at least one case, don’t appear to even have a computer. But both multi-billion dollar companies claim they purchase their jet fuel – one of their largest expenses – from those offices.

Today, the RTA filed suit against Chicago-based United, while deferring formal action against American, as American is currently involved in bankruptcy proceedings.

“Governments across the country have been forced to do more with less. CTA, Metra and Pace have had to work with constrained budgets and have needed to raise fares and reduce service because the money’s just not there. Now we know why,” said RTA Executive Director Joe Costello. “These airlines happily accept taxpayer-supported services – like the mass transit that many of their customers and employees use – but don’t pay what is due to support those services. That is just wrong.”

CTA, Metra and Pace rely on sales tax revenues to operate mass transit in the six county region. Mass transit has been continually underfunded, and as a result each agency has been forced to raise fares and cut services.

Both airlines purchase and use millions of gallons of jet fuel in Chicago. Despite this, since 2001, United has claimed to "accept" jet fuel at its office in a Sycamore strip mall, while American has been "accepting" jet fuel at its small, windowless office inside Sycamore’s town hall since 2004. 

The companies have entered into 25-year agreements with Sycamore, guaranteeing the city as much as a half-million dollars every year that the airlines are allowed to claim that they "accept" jet fuel there.  Most states collect sales tax based on where products are received while Illinois is one of only a few states that collect sales tax based on where a company claims a purchase was “accepted.” If the airlines complied with Illinois law, and paid the appropriate sales tax, they would be taxed at a rate of 9.5%. Instead, the airlines play games and claim to "accept" the fuel in Sycamore, where the sales tax rate is only 8%.  The greed continues as Sycamore then kicks back a large part of its share of the sales tax to the airlines, amounting to as much as $14 million a year.  

The lawsuit, filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, comes roughly 18 months after the RTA filed similar lawsuits against far south suburban municipalities Kankakee and Channahon, which have similar tax-avoidance deals with retailers and other airlines. “RTA is charged with ensuring the financial stability of mass transit in the region and with ensuring that CTA, Metra and Pace receive all revenue that they are entitled to,” Costello said. “We are calling on United, American and any other businesses engaged in these practices to do the right thing and cancel these agreements.”

Click here to see the filed lawsuit, exhibits and the video.